Personal statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 13

Individual articulation - Essay Example I as far as concerns me was extremely intrigued by the region, so I delighted in those occasions without a doubt. The break in examines was predominantly proposed to discover my quality and shortcomings and subsequently, distinguish the field that most appropriate my fitness. I had for the longest time been itching to work before going in for higher examinations. The break has without a doubt been the most characterizing a great time. The encounters in different regions of human association have essentially affected my point of view towards issues and factors which were up to this point considered of low legitimacy. In 2003, I previously worked with Ymed Sysems Inc. which advertise clinical gear and offer clinical types of assistance. Working with the organization caused me to understand that being proficient and being a sales rep are two distinct things. To progress throughout everyday life, I expected to get more information. In spite of the fact that I began perusing books on various regions of business, I understood that further extent would outfit me with better information. After two years’ working with the organization, I at long last realized that financial aspects is the field for me. I am keen on knowing how and what causes business to prevail in the profoundly serious worldwide condition. In spite of the fact that I had settled on conditional choices about my future, I selected for military help. The following two years in military had additionally reinforced my conviction that America is the spot to acknowledge one’s dream. I realized that America is a place where there is openings and seeking after advanced education from renowned scholarly world like this instruction would enormously encourage in understanding my fantasies about turning into an effective expert in the field business the executives. Since 2008, I have been concentrating in America. I have been going to English, financial aspects, bookkeeping, and science classes, which will end up being the foundation for progressively significant investigation in Santa Barbara City College. The study hall meetings have shown me how speculations are applied, in actuality, circumstances. The two years in

Analysing The World Intellectual Property Organization Economics Essay

Dissecting The World Intellectual Property Organization Economics Essay As indicated by theâ definitionâ of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), licensed innovation presently applies to manifestations of brain or development; scholarly and aesthetic works; and images, names, pictures, and plans utilized in business. Lawfully, licensed innovation incorporates licenses, exchange privileged insights, trademarks, and copyright. Researchers favor a much more extensive perspective on protected innovation. Â They favor a definition that incorporates singular inventiveness and socially received advancements, just as aggregate information (Gollin, 2007). Licensed innovation rights (IPR) are lawful privileges conceded by governments inside their particular sways that give patent, trademark, and copyright proprietors the selective option to misuse their protected innovation (IP) for a specific period. Characterized another way, IPR, extensively, are rights allowed to individuals who make and own works that are the consequence of human scholarly imagination. Theâ mainâ intellectual property rights are copyright, licenses, exchange marks, plan rights, insurance from going off, and the security of classified data. IP is regularly characterized into two classes specifically mechanical property and copyright. Modern property incorporates innovations (licenses), mechanical structures and trademarks and copyright contains melodic works, scholarly works like books and sonnets and imaginative works like photography, artistic creations and figures for example. The essential basis for IPR insurance is to give an impetus to advancement by allowing IP proprietors a chance to recuperate their expenses of innovative work (NERA Economic Consulting). COPYRIGHT As called attention to above, IP can be isolated into two classifications to be specific modern property and copyright. Copyright guarantees legitimate insurance for scholarly works (for instance sonnets, books and film contents), melodic works, creative works, (for example, artworks and models), photography, PC programming and cinematographic works. Copyright law is intended to secure creators by giving them uncommon rights to market duplicates of their work in whatever material structure (printed distribution, sound chronicle, film, communicate, etc) is being utilized to convey their inventive articulations to the general population. Despite the fact that enrollment isn't typically essential, it is judicious for creators to have their name put on the work. In any case, lawful insurance incorporates the statement of the thoughts contained, not simply the thoughts. Copyright offers proprietors select rights, normally for the length of the creators life in addition to 50 years. With r espect to sound accounts, copyright is generally presented for a long time and is available to the creator or organization in control for making the chronicle. Approval is plausible to include installment of sovereignties. These are known as good rights and remain with the creator regardless of whether the last exchanges the copyright to another person. Monetary rights permit the rights proprietor to acquire money related pay from the abuse of his/her works by others. Copyright proprietors are allowed rental rights so as to get sovereignties for business rental of their works. Modern PROPERTY Modern property is unmistakably determined in the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (Article 1 (3)): Industrial property will be comprehended in the broadest sense and will apply not exclusively to industry and trade legitimate, however similarly to agrarian and extractive businesses and to all fabricated or characteristic items, for instance, wines, grain, tobacco leaf, natural product, dairy cattle, minerals, mineral waters, lager, blossoms, and flour. Modern property takes a wide exhibit of structures. These comprise of licenses to ensure developments and mechanical plans, which are visual manifestations building up the presence of modern items. Modern property likewise incorporates trademarks, administration marks, format plans of coordinated circuits, business names and assignments, just as land signs, and insurance against unjustifiable rivalry. In a portion of these, the part of scholarly creation, albeit existent, is less unmistakably characterized. W hat makes a difference here is that the object of mechanical property commonly comprises of signs passing on data, especially to buyers, as respects items and administrations offered available. Assurance is expected against unapproved utilization of such signs prone to hoodwink buyers, and against tricky practices when all is said in done. Trademarks A trademark is a sign which helps in making the differentiation of the products or administrations of one organization from those of another. Such signs may utilize words, letters, numerals, pictures, shapes and hues, just as any blend of the abovementioned. It as a rule comprises of a particular plan, word, or expressions, for the most part positioned on the item name and now and then exhibited in promotions. For instance, LOreal is a trademark that must be utilized on items delivered by the LOreal Company. A ton of nations are presently taking into consideration the enrollment of less traditional types of trademark, for example, three-dimensional signs (like the Fanta jug or Toblerone chocolate bar), perceptible signs (sounds, for example, the thunder of the lion that goes before films delivered by MGM), or olfactory signs (smells, for example, aromas). In any case, numerous nations have set down borders with respect to what might be enlisted as a trademark, for the most part consenting to just signs that are outwardly distinguishable or can be spoken to graphically. At the point when used in relationship with the promoting of the products, the sign may show up in ads, for instance in papers or on TV, or in the windows of the shops wherein the merchandise are sold. Trademarks encourage the decision to be made by the shopper when purchasing certain items or utilizing certain administrations. The trademark causes the purchaser to distinguish an item or administration which was at that point natural to him or which was promoted. The proprietor of an enrolled trademark has an elite right most definitely. It gives him the option to utilize the imprint and to forestall unapproved utilization of it. Licenses Lawful activity can be attempted against the individuals who disregard the patent by replicating the creation or selling it without approval from the patent proprietor. Licenses can be purchased, sold, recruited, or authorized. While doing a patent application, a few standards should be fulfilled. The patent inspectors ought to be persuaded that the development is A few sorts of patent might be conceded (Lesser 1991, p. 14): Utilizations: covers an exact utilize as it were. Henceforth, it would cover the above medication remarkably as a remedy for malignancy and not for any utilizations that are later found. Items by-process: comprises of just items produced by the procedure portrayed in the application. Along these lines, it would cover the medication, however just when fabricated by a specific procedure. It must be noticed that not all innovations that fulfill the above conditions can look for insurance by patent. In numerous nations, meds and hereditarily adjusted living beings can't be licensed by any stretch of the imagination. There are varieties in national patent laws on the grounds that every nation has its own inclinations with regards to characterizing what creations might be protected and these laws typically comply with the countrys saw national intrigue. HISTORY OF IPR Since the main licensed innovation framework appeared in the West, humankind has experienced about 400 years. In the almost 400 years of history, protected innovation rights have finished their change from medieval capacity to people groups private rights. Today, it is certain that the transformation brought by IPR has not just widened the regular substance of property rights framework, yet in addition drove the licensed innovation framework to turn into the universes most noteworthy property rights framework, and furthermore had a profound effect on humanity in the 21st century. Be that as it may, the rise of this new framework is definitely not a clear procedure. With the appearance of new advances and human psychological inclination, as an actualize to adjust the private rights and open interests, the protected innovation framework has consistently unearthed difficulties and contradictions. The IP framework was first presented in the west and was later settled all through the world. For the IPR framework, Patent law is the primary framework to be presented on the planet. The coming out of the patent framework brought forth human protected innovation framework. The United States even settled the guideline of assurance of exclusive innovation in the Constitution, made patent insurance to the stature to sacred level. The historical backdrop of copyrights has some solid monarchical force foundation. Prior to the start of the copyright framework, numerous nations have had long-standing arrangement of printing benefits. As indicated by this establishment framework, the lord can give a printed option to permit the printer instead of the copyright proprietors. In 1709, Britain constructed the principal present day copyright law the Queen Anne Act. Following this, the United Kingdom, France and Germany set up the copyright framework individually. Affected by these nations as a pioneer, the copyright framework has been step by step recognized by Governments. Trademarks started in Spain. The trademark framework in the cutting edge sense began in the nineteenth century. In 1857, France set up the main lawful framework on the planet to ensure trademarks. Therefore, the trademark framework quickly developed in different pieces of the world. Numerous nations acknowledged and actualized an assortment of types of protected innovation rights in various methodology and advancement. Simultaneously, new kinds of protected innovation rights have kept on being continuously consolidated into the arrangement of licensed innovation rights. Every one of these advancements uncover that the chronicled improvement of the protected innovation framework has experienced a phase of consistent turn of events. Before the finish of the eighties, t

When Subordinates Procrastinate Are You to Blame - Focus

When Subordinates Procrastinate â€" Are You to Blame - Focus Have you run the numbers on the cost of replacing an employee? The price of recruitment, employment, and training of new personnel is now estimated to be between 40% and 150% of the former employee’s salary. It’s an expensive proposition to replace an employee who leaves, retires, or is terminated for poor performance. While you cannot control retirements, you may want to look carefully at reasons for turnover, especially in the case of performance terminations. Poor performance usually means that the employee fails to complete task assignments correctly and/or on time. Often, this is a case of procrastination, but there are many reasons for this behavior. Managers need to be certain that they have not been at least somewhat responsible for it. Questions to Ask Yourself First 1. Do you give orders with no room for sharing ideas or for any “back and forth”? While this may be seen as the most efficient way to get things done, it can also kill an employee’s motivation and cause procrastination. If employees are provided the means to share ideas and to discuss how tasks may best be accomplished, they will be more invested and have more enthusiasm for their work. 2. Do you fail to communicate information and news about the company to your employees? There is always a strong rumor mill among employees. If that rumor mill spreads “bad news” â€" company profits down; possible layoffs; a buyout or a merger â€" employees will slow down and tasks will not be accomplished on time. Being open and honest with subordinates gives them “ownership” in the company’s successes and its troubles, and they will want to keep productivity high. 3. Are you holding subordinates accountable for their task responsibilities? When tasks are assigned to team members, each team member needs to verbally commit to completing them and to completing them on time. Team members should also be made aware that there are consequences and rewards. An environment of accountability must be established and maintained. 4. How do you reward team members for a job well done? Even if its just public recognition, people need to feel appreciated and valued. Many companies build in incentives if productivity exceeds deadlines. And they make the effort to track employee productivity and happiness through the use of digital tools designed just for that. Niko-Niko and Culture Amp are just two of these feedback apps that have hit the market. 5. Do you tell yourself that every person on your team is replaceable? Even in a difficult job market with a surplus of job seekers, remember how expensive it is to replace an employee. And every “hole” that is created in the team means that others have to pick up the slack until a replacement is hired and trained. Bad for morale and bad for productivity. If you’re certain that the above conditions are not an issue, it’s time to dig a bit deeper. Here are two more questions to ask yourself that may reveal causes of procrastination and malaise among your team members. 6. How are you developing, assigning, and monitoring tasks? You have team members with different strengths, challenges, levels of maturity, and talents. Good managers know their team members well. And as tasks are developed and assigned, each team member’s individualities must be considered. To assign without careful consideration is to set a project and team members up for failure. Procrastination is often the result of misassignment of task responsibilities. Some may believe that their tasks are without real merit and can be put off until the 11th hour, setting everyone back. Others may feel that their responsibilities are too cumbersome and too challenging. Even getting started on these tasks can be a scary notion. 7. How are you presenting long-term complex projects to your team? To provide comprehensive and long-term task assignments for the entire project at once can  be overwhelming. As a result, only the most confident, mature, and highly motivated members of your team will be able to deal with them. Many of your otherwise  talented and capable team members may not be able to  take a large complex task and break it down into smaller chunks, set their own timelines and benchmarks for completionâ€"especially not without  support  or  encouragement. Being overwhelmed in this way can turn many employees into procrastinators. So What Can You Do? If your team is facing a large long-term project there are a number of simple but powerful steps you can take to keep spirits and productivity in your team high: 1. Break It Down Avoid creating a single gigantic  project board with innumerable tasks. Instead, consider sharing  a mind map with the team where you provide an overview of the entire project  including its goals and milestones. If youre using Kanban software such as MeisterTask, you can then  create multiple smaller project boards, corresponding with  individual stages or areas of the project. See also: How to connect your mind maps with your project boards 2. Work in Sprints Set monthly, bi-weekly or even weekly deadlines  to accurately track progress and detect delays in the project schedule right away.  A process that has proved very effective  in this context is Scrum, where work is split into small, concrete deliverables which are completed within short fixed-length iterations. 3. Walk Around Provide an  environment in which team members feel comfortable requesting assistance and support as needed. LBWA (leadership by walking around) is one way to establish a “helping” relationship with subordinates. Having informal individual conversations, making offers to help, encouraging and praising, and refraining from criticism or pressure during this activity, adds to the comfort level. When subordinates feel comfortable, they are much more willing to present issues and problems they are having. 4. Meet One-on-One Schedule regular  meetings not just with the whole team but with individual team members. Individual meetings with your procrastinators are not for brow-beating and criticism. They are to provide the support and incentives for the employee to keep moving. And if you meet individually with every team member, the procrastinator(s) will not feel “singled out” for their shortcomings. Can You Save Them All? Even following  all of the steps above will not guarantee you 100% engagement and productivity from all team members. Dont make the mistake of pigeonholing those procrastinators! There are four common types of procrastinators*, and only one of them  really deserves a boot. The Perfectionist: These are usually talented and capable people and you don’t want to lose them. The key to up a perfectionists productivity is often just  a little more oversight:  Simply keep a closer eye on their work. Once you  determine that it  meets your expectations, direct them on to the next task, even if they are not 100% happy with the result themselves. The 11th Hour Sprinter: It’s nerve-wracking to know that you have a team member who constantly pulls  all-nighters at the last minute to meet their deadlines; however, if the deadlines are consistently met, you may simply need to find a way to deal with your jitters (and ensure that there is always an ample supply of coffee on hand). The Overwhelmed and Perhaps Scared: This is the team member who will need the most encouragement and support from you. By breaking long-term assignments into smaller chunks, you are serving this procrastinator well. And when tasks are completed well and on time, this individual needs that public praise. This is the procrastinator who will evolve as s/he gains confidence. The Lazy One: Some  employees are simply  lazy and will not be truly motivated by incentives, consequences or rewards. Unfortunately, there is  very little you can do to alter this behavior, and whats worse is that such employees can cause conflict and anger among other team members,  thus negatively impacting on the productivity of the whole team. This is the procrastinator you will most likely need to terminate and replace. *Inspired by Steve Marrs list in Managing the Procrastinator This is a guest post by John Unger. John is a UK native writer, idea guy and difference maker. He’s interested in business, innovations, and success, so he mostly covers these topics in his articles. You can get in touch with him via Twitter or Google+. Boost your teams productivity. Try MeisterTask Its free! Try MeisterTask When Subordinates Procrastinate â€" Are You to Blame - Focus Have you run the numbers on the cost of replacing an employee? The price of recruitment, employment, and training of new personnel is now estimated to be between 40% and 150% of the former employee’s salary. It’s an expensive proposition to replace an employee who leaves, retires, or is terminated for poor performance. While you cannot control retirements, you may want to look carefully at reasons for turnover, especially in the case of performance terminations. Poor performance usually means that the employee fails to complete task assignments correctly and/or on time. Often, this is a case of procrastination, but there are many reasons for this behavior. Managers need to be certain that they have not been at least somewhat responsible for it. Questions to Ask Yourself First 1. Do you give orders with no room for sharing ideas or for any “back and forth”? While this may be seen as the most efficient way to get things done, it can also kill an employee’s motivation and cause procrastination. If employees are provided the means to share ideas and to discuss how tasks may best be accomplished, they will be more invested and have more enthusiasm for their work. 2. Do you fail to communicate information and news about the company to your employees? There is always a strong rumor mill among employees. If that rumor mill spreads “bad news” â€" company profits down; possible layoffs; a buyout or a merger â€" employees will slow down and tasks will not be accomplished on time. Being open and honest with subordinates gives them “ownership” in the company’s successes and its troubles, and they will want to keep productivity high. 3. Are you holding subordinates accountable for their task responsibilities? When tasks are assigned to team members, each team member needs to verbally commit to completing them and to completing them on time. Team members should also be made aware that there are consequences and rewards. An environment of accountability must be established and maintained. 4. How do you reward team members for a job well done? Even if its just public recognition, people need to feel appreciated and valued. Many companies build in incentives if productivity exceeds deadlines. And they make the effort to track employee productivity and happiness through the use of digital tools designed just for that. Niko-Niko and Culture Amp are just two of these feedback apps that have hit the market. 5. Do you tell yourself that every person on your team is replaceable? Even in a difficult job market with a surplus of job seekers, remember how expensive it is to replace an employee. And every “hole” that is created in the team means that others have to pick up the slack until a replacement is hired and trained. Bad for morale and bad for productivity. If you’re certain that the above conditions are not an issue, it’s time to dig a bit deeper. Here are two more questions to ask yourself that may reveal causes of procrastination and malaise among your team members. 6. How are you developing, assigning, and monitoring tasks? You have team members with different strengths, challenges, levels of maturity, and talents. Good managers know their team members well. And as tasks are developed and assigned, each team member’s individualities must be considered. To assign without careful consideration is to set a project and team members up for failure. Procrastination is often the result of misassignment of task responsibilities. Some may believe that their tasks are without real merit and can be put off until the 11th hour, setting everyone back. Others may feel that their responsibilities are too cumbersome and too challenging. Even getting started on these tasks can be a scary notion. 7. How are you presenting long-term complex projects to your team? To provide comprehensive and long-term task assignments for the entire project at once can  be overwhelming. As a result, only the most confident, mature, and highly motivated members of your team will be able to deal with them. Many of your otherwise  talented and capable team members may not be able to  take a large complex task and break it down into smaller chunks, set their own timelines and benchmarks for completionâ€"especially not without  support  or  encouragement. Being overwhelmed in this way can turn many employees into procrastinators. So What Can You Do? If your team is facing a large long-term project there are a number of simple but powerful steps you can take to keep spirits and productivity in your team high: 1. Break It Down Avoid creating a single gigantic  project board with innumerable tasks. Instead, consider sharing  a mind map with the team where you provide an overview of the entire project  including its goals and milestones. If youre using Kanban software such as MeisterTask, you can then  create multiple smaller project boards, corresponding with  individual stages or areas of the project. See also: How to connect your mind maps with your project boards 2. Work in Sprints Set monthly, bi-weekly or even weekly deadlines  to accurately track progress and detect delays in the project schedule right away.  A process that has proved very effective  in this context is Scrum, where work is split into small, concrete deliverables which are completed within short fixed-length iterations. 3. Walk Around Provide an  environment in which team members feel comfortable requesting assistance and support as needed. LBWA (leadership by walking around) is one way to establish a “helping” relationship with subordinates. Having informal individual conversations, making offers to help, encouraging and praising, and refraining from criticism or pressure during this activity, adds to the comfort level. When subordinates feel comfortable, they are much more willing to present issues and problems they are having. 4. Meet One-on-One Schedule regular  meetings not just with the whole team but with individual team members. Individual meetings with your procrastinators are not for brow-beating and criticism. They are to provide the support and incentives for the employee to keep moving. And if you meet individually with every team member, the procrastinator(s) will not feel “singled out” for their shortcomings. Can You Save Them All? Even following  all of the steps above will not guarantee you 100% engagement and productivity from all team members. Dont make the mistake of pigeonholing those procrastinators! There are four common types of procrastinators*, and only one of them  really deserves a boot. The Perfectionist: These are usually talented and capable people and you don’t want to lose them. The key to up a perfectionists productivity is often just  a little more oversight:  Simply keep a closer eye on their work. Once you  determine that it  meets your expectations, direct them on to the next task, even if they are not 100% happy with the result themselves. The 11th Hour Sprinter: It’s nerve-wracking to know that you have a team member who constantly pulls  all-nighters at the last minute to meet their deadlines; however, if the deadlines are consistently met, you may simply need to find a way to deal with your jitters (and ensure that there is always an ample supply of coffee on hand). The Overwhelmed and Perhaps Scared: This is the team member who will need the most encouragement and support from you. By breaking long-term assignments into smaller chunks, you are serving this procrastinator well. And when tasks are completed well and on time, this individual needs that public praise. This is the procrastinator who will evolve as s/he gains confidence. The Lazy One: Some  employees are simply  lazy and will not be truly motivated by incentives, consequences or rewards. Unfortunately, there is  very little you can do to alter this behavior, and whats worse is that such employees can cause conflict and anger among other team members,  thus negatively impacting on the productivity of the whole team. This is the procrastinator you will most likely need to terminate and replace. *Inspired by Steve Marrs list in Managing the Procrastinator This is a guest post by John Unger. John is a UK native writer, idea guy and difference maker. He’s interested in business, innovations, and success, so he mostly covers these topics in his articles. You can get in touch with him via Twitter or Google+. Boost your teams productivity. Try MeisterTask Its free! Try MeisterTask

Four Types of Protein Structure

George Orwells Animal Farm Essays - 2826 Words

George Orwell includes a strong message in his novel Animal Farm that is easily recognizable. Orwell’s Animal Farm focuses on two primary problems that were not only prominent in his WWII society, but also posed as reoccurring issues in all societies past and present. Orwell’s novel delivers a strong political message about class structure and oppression from the patriarchal society through an allegory of a farm that closely resembles the Soviet Union. George Orwell wrote Animal Farm: A Fairy Story with an intended political purpose; many aspects of Orwell’s life experiences are found throughout the novel. Orwell was born on June 25, 1903 in India and eventually moved to England with his parents where he remained for the majority of his†¦show more content†¦Orwell states that he was inspired to write Animal Farm after he witnessed a boy whipping a carthorse—this situation reminded him of the working class and the wealthy. Orwell explains that if t he horse only knew its true power the young boy would have no control over its decisions. This would also be true in the relationship found between the wealthy and working classes. To translate his epiphany into text, Orwell used his background in Soviet politics and farming to write his novel Animal Farm (â€Å"George Orwell† 6). After the novel was finished, Orwell could not find a publisher for almost an entire year. The reason for this was because the British government advised publishers to stay away from Orwell’s piece in fear that the Soviet Allies would be offended. Despite the warnings, Orwell’s novel was published in 1945 and introduced a political satire that pushed Westerners to question the Soviet Union and Joseph Stalin as a whole (â€Å"George Orwell† 7). Animal Farm begins with Old Major telling his fellow animals about his dream in which he envisions a farm with no humans. The speech instills a drive within the animal community to rise and overthrow Mr. Jones, the farm owner. After the farmer is successfully removed and Old Major dies, the animals find themselves in a leaderless state. Three pigs, Napoleon, Snowball, and Squealer, take it uponShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm701 Words   |  3 Pageswith what he was told. George Orwell’s Animal Farm is about Manor Farm that is seized by its maltreated animals that set up their own government in the now renamed â€Å"Animal Farm†. There are many animals on this farm, including Benjamin, a donkey who is quite old, Clover, a horse who is not very bright, and the two main leaders, pigs named Napoleon and Snowball. Napoleon and Snowball create this new government with seven commandments, the last commandant being that â€Å"All animals are equal†. But when NapoleonRead MoreElements in George Orwells Animal Farm861 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Farm, written by George Orwell, depicts a group of animals who plot to destroy their master, Mr. Jones. The oldest and wisest pig on the farm, Old Major, told the other animals a story about a revolt called, The Rebellion. The pigs, which were considered to be the most intelligent of all the animals, devised a plan and successfully conquered Manor Farm. The animals ran the farm effectively, with the pigs overseeing and constantly developing new ideas. One pig, Snowball, was in favorRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm1142 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it,† said Spanish philosopher George Santayana. This brilliant message shows to be present in George Orwell’s satirical novel Animal Farm. In this book, Orwell uses farm animals to illustrate the true nature of the communist Soviet Union under Joseph S talin. There are many examples in this book and in real life that show the truth of aforementioned Santayana’s statement, for if one does not remember the past, they are only allowing it toRead MoreGeorge Orwells 1984 And Animal Farm1994 Words   |  8 Pages George Orwell’s 1984 and Animal Farm share a very important theme and common elements that shape the idea of an Orwellian society. Orwellian is widely described as a society in which the liberties of all are diminished due to powerful rule. Orwell conveys the theme of â€Å"Many believe that man’s actions result from his free will, the presentation/perception of what is fact, remains dominant over society s actions.† through parallel elements of repression of information, fear propaganda, and languageRead MoreGeorge Orwells Animal Farm582 Words   |  2 PagesElie Wiesel in Night and Snowball from Animal Farm are very similar characters because they were victimized by tyrants and used as scapego ats, but they are also unique and individual characters because Elie knew he was being taken advantage of and Snowball did not. Animal Farm is written by George Orwell, and it is about a farm of animals that take over the farm. Napoleon, a large pig, slowly takes away food and supplies from the other animals until he starts walking on two feet and becomes a â€Å"humanRead More George Orwells Animal Farm Essay2355 Words   |  10 PagesGeorge Orwells Animal Farm Mollie- Represents the rich and noble of Russia at the time (esp. the Czar and his family). Those who fled Revolutionist Russia, because they had had a better life beforehand, and were un-willing to accept change. The messages that Orwell is trying to express through Mollie are directly opposite to the actions which are displayed through Benjamin. Although they were both unwilling to accept change, their actions were very different. The message that OrwellRead More Messages of George Orwells Animal Farm Essay1412 Words   |  6 PagesMessages of George Orwells Animal Farm Though Animal Farm can be considered nothing more than a charming animal fable depicting a doomed rebellion, its origin is actually of a more serious and political nature. It is not only the tale of Napoleon and Animal Farm, but a satire and commentary on that of the Russian Revolution, Stalin and Communism. For a person to gain a true understanding of Orwells meaning in Animal Farm, it is best that he or she has an understanding of the political partiesRead More The Warnings in George Orwells Animal Farm Essay1248 Words   |  5 PagesGeorge Orwells Animal Farm George Orwells goal in writing the novel Animal Farm was to portray the events surrounding the Russian revolution that took place in 1917. Orwells tale of Animal Farm is seemingly a story of how a group of farmyard animals plot to overthrow their owner and seize control of the land. The novel seems to be a simple story, however Orwell wrote this book as an allegory, a story that has a clear secondary meaning beneath is literal sense. Everything in Animal Farm isRead MoreThe Power Of Power In George Orwells Animal Farm764 Words   |  4 Pages133). In George Orwells allegorical novella Animal Farm, a successful rebellion, was held against the Mr. Jones (the farm owner), as he mistreated the animals. After the expulsion of Mr. Jones, the farm lacked a figure of authority, so the pigs stepped up to that position as they were the most literate and the cleverest among the animals. Slowly it progressed to a state where the pigs had absolute power over the lives of the animals and the farm . Which led to a situation where the animals had to agreeRead MoreThe Allegory Of The Farm In George Orwells Animal Farm999 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Farm, by George Orwell, is a novella detailing a farm in England where the animals overthrow their human masters. The whole book is an allegory of the Russian Revolution. Stalin took control in Russia and eventually became a dictator, controlling every aspect of life and killing those he thought were enemies. Napoleon is Stalin, as he took control of the farm. There are many different animals that represent the different types of people in society and government. Napoleon had become overcome

Vibration Measurement Instruments Free Essays

VIBRATION MEASUREMENT In some practical situations, it might be difficult to develop a mathematical model of the system and predict its vibration characteristics through an analytical study. In such cases, we can use experimental methods to measure the vibration response of the system to a known input. This helps in identifying the system in terms of its mass, stiffness, and damping. We will write a custom essay sample on Vibration Measurement Instruments or any similar topic only for you Order Now In practice the measurement of vibration becomes necessary for the following reasons: 1. The increasing demands of higher productivity lead to higher operating speeds of machinery and efficient use of materials through lightweight structures. These trends make the occurrence of resonant conditions more frequent during the operation of machinery and reduce the reliability of the system. Hence the periodic measurement of vibration of machinery and structures becomes essential to ensure adequate safety margins. Any observed shift in the natural frequencies or other vibration characteristics will indicate either a failure or a need for maintenance of the machine. 2. The measurement of the natural frequencies of a structure or machine is useful in selecting the operational speeds of nearby machinery to avoid resonant conditions. 3. The theoretically vibration characteristics of a machine or structure may be different from the actual values due to the assumptions made in the analysis. 4. The measurement of frequencies of vibration and the forces developed is necessary in the design and operation of active vibration-isolation systems. 5. In many applications, the survivability of a structure or machine in a specified vibration environment is to be determined. If the structure or machine can perform the expected task even after completion of testing under the specified vibration environment, it is expected to survive the specified conditions. 6. Continuous systems are often approximated as multi-degree-of-freedom systems for simplicity. If the measured natural frequencies and mode shapes of a continuous system are comparable to the computed natural frequencies and mode shapes of the multi-degree of- freedom model, then the approximation will be proved to be a valid one. . The measurement of input and the resulting output vibration of a system help in identifying the system in terms of its mass, stiffness, and damping. 8. The information about ground vibrations due to earthquakes, fluctuating wind velocities on structures, random variation of ocean waves, and road surface roughness are important in the design of structures, machines, oil platforms, and vehicle suspension systems. In general, a transducer is a device that transforms changes in mechanical quantities (such as displacement, velocity, acceleration, or force) into changes in electrical quantities (such as voltage or current). Since the output signal (voltage or current) of a transducer is too small to be recorded directly, a signal conversion instrument is used to amplify the signal to the required value. The output from the signal conversion instrument can be presented on a display unit for visual inspection, or recorded by a recording unit, or stored in a computer for later use. The data can then be analyzed to determine the desired vibration characteristics of the machine or structure. Depending on the quantity measured, a vibration measuring instrument is called a vibrometer, a velocity meter, an accelerometer, a phase meter, or a frequency meter. Reference link: http://classof1. com/homework-help/engineering-homework-help How to cite Vibration Measurement Instruments, Papers

Potential Identity Crisis free essay sample

I used to wonder why people reacted to my family so strangely. People seemed to be used to twins – and who could deny it? They were everywhere. My family, however, was a rarity. As the only set of triplets in our school, my brothers and I were characterized by our relationship, those eight months of rooming together in Moms womb. And once people knew the circumstances of my birth, it was hard to impress them in any other way. My triplethood does flavor my personality. At a young age, Matt, Nick, and I were inseparable: We guided Barbie dolls and Hot Wheels through hulking LEGO towers. We fought over shared toys, televisions, and computers. We embarked on family forays overseas, leaving the mark of the Threesome in Greece, London, and Belgium. We walked with the same gait, talked with the same pitch, and at one time barreled down the path to becoming paper dolls of each other, folded into an envelope labeled â€Å"Triplets. We will write a custom essay sample on Potential Identity Crisis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † How could I break away from my proverbial paper bindings? Triplet had long been a scarlet letter fashioning my life. Was there any way to cover that mark with something more identifying of me? At first, my attempts at freedom merely teased the unheeding mark illegibly in pencil. But in my fervor to distinguish myself from my brothers, I fell into the wonder of books and poetry. I found myself tearing through leaves of paper, pursuing a romance with scribbled and typewritten word. Eventually my paper doll sported the decoration of these words, reflecting fragments of stories, essays, and poems in pen, marker, and stone. As we battled through high school, my brothers paper dolls transformed as well. No longer were we inherently identical to each other. The connecting arms of the paper doll chain frayed, ripped, and eventually were connected only by a single thread. My brothers and I still eat at the same table, sleep in the same house, share the same car. But no longer are we characterized by our inevitable relation to each other. We are all separate people, driven by our own personal ambitions and inclinations. Yes, I am a triplet. But I am singular, not plural.

Instant Messaging free essay sample

Instant messaging services may also provide video calling, file sharing, PC-to-PC voice calling and PC-to-regular-phone calling. Instant messaging has promoted IP telephony because the IM software makes it easy to switch from text chat to voice chat if the user has a headset or microphone and speakers. â€Å"Social networking tools such as instant messaging (IM), blogs and wikis are widely adopted in society. IM is characterized by the immediate receipt of messages, allowing effective and efficient communication between interlocutors† (Ou Davison, 2011, p. 1). The IM Services Instant messaging (IM) became popular after Israeli-based ICQ introduced its service in 1996, which was later acquired by AOL. The major IM services are AOLs Instant Messenger (AIM), ICQ, Yahoo! Messenger, Google Talk, Jabber and Microsofts incarnations: MSN Messenger, Windows Messenger and Windows Live Messenger. See AIM, ICQ, Yahoo! Messenger, Google Talk, Jabber, MSN Messenger, Windows Messenger and Windows Live Messenger. Although third-party IM clients such as Trillian (www. We will write a custom essay sample on Instant Messaging or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ceruleanstudios. com) and Simple Instant Messenger (http://sim-im. berlios. e) were designed to interface with multiple IM services, the IM clients from the IM service itself were always proprietary to that service. Google changed that practice by basing Google Talk on the open XMPP protocol used in Jabber, which is supported by the open source community (see XMPP). See IRC, chat, chat room, voice over IM and IMUnified. Advantages of Using IM at Work There are several benefits of utilizing IM tools at any workplace. The employees use of IM as a work-related contact and communication tool to ask and answer questions, share files and engage in work-related socialization. The extent to which an IM user believes that the IM tool enables interlocutors to actively control interactions and message exchange as they interact with each other, and the degree to which the communication is synchronized. The employees perception of the quality of communication in terms of being timely, adequate, accurate, complete, interactive and effective is the key role to succeed. IM promotes mutual trust among employees and management. IM tool enhances employees perceptions of group satisfaction, group outcome satisfaction, and outcome quality (Ou Davison, 2011). Disadvantages of Using IM at Workplace Work interruption resulting from IM use, and the consequent negative impact on productivity, has been considered the major barrier to company deployment of IM at work. The primary concern relates to the perceived negative consequences of interruption: on average, a worker needs eleven minutes to return to a state of concentration on an interrupted task, though the delay will depend on many other factors including the depth and duration of interruption. Other consequences of interruption include errors, stress and reduced performance. Computer users with constant on-screen interruptions from IM unrelated to ongoing work tasks may find it difficult to resume work tasks and consequently experience longer task completion times. Such distractions are generally considered a hindrance to an employee under pressure, which consequently negatively influences communication quality and productivity. Unsurprisingly, work interruptions have been generally criticized as causing deteriorations in user effectiveness and efficiency, and increasing the number of errors. More specifically, interruptions are commonly problematic due to the cognitive limitations of human beings. If the interruption is unrelated to the task at hand, yet cannot be ignored (e. g. if it comes from a respected peer or superior) the message recipient may be reluctantly forced to mentally engage with a new topic that demands focused attention if quality communication is to be achieved. The interruption initiated by unexpected instant messages can influence employees by introducing multiple tasks that force task switching and alternating attention, and thus increase the cognitive burden on an employees attention and memory. Research in cognitive psychology shows that even when the interruptive tasks are similar to those currently in hand; the requirement of switching cognitive attention from one task to another does not reduce the disruptiveness of the interruption.

How ethics may have played a role in Enrons way of doing business

How ethics may have played a role in Enrons way of doing business Introduction Out of a merger between Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth, Enron was formed in 1985 based in the United States. As an energy trading and communications company, at the start, the company was involved in construction, development and operation of power plants, pipelines globally.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on How ethics may have played a role in Enrons way of doing business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Further, it was participating in the transmission, distribution of electricity and gas throughout the state and. Afterwards, Enron enlarged their wealth through marketing and promotion of commodities which included; power and communications bandwidth and related risk management derivatives as tradable securities. Enron energy trading and Communications Company that was based in Houston, TX was well re-known for its accounting strategies a factor that allowed it to be listed as the seventh larges t company in America (Molly, 2001). The company had a work force of about 21,000 employees grouping them among the largest employers in the country. In the same year, it was ranked number seven by the fortune magazine among first five hundred companies in the United States. The energy company had made inventions in communications, power and weather securities and due to this it was expected to dominate the trading in these areas. However, in the year 2000, the company had claimed a revenue base of about with $101 billion but due of their trade activities. Despite all that, the company still ended up the biggest failure in the corporate history (Molly, 2001) Despite the fame and wealth Enron had accumulated, the company stood on the verge of bankruptcy by mid November 2001 (Bryce, 2002). This had arisen from numerous scandals and collective failure between the company and its auditing firm which brought about by accounting irregularities that surrounded fraud. Poor decisions, mismana gement and individualistic type of management by Enron’s top were also major contributors in the collapse of the corporation. At the same time, the value of investors equity per share in 2001 fell from $85 to 30 cents a fact that plunged the company into a disastrous loss. Discovery of the company’s source of profit which happened to be from deals with limited partners which it controlled was one of the factors that resulted to the company’s loss of value. This loss and other similar financial conflicts, was not reported in any of the company’s financial report (Niskanen, 2005). More to that, the company had also devised a method to elude taxes and maintain anonymity by opening offshore accounts that allowed them easy currency flow. By the end of the year 2001, the firms European operations filed for bankruptcy and sought protection in the US Southern District of New York under chapter 11 (Hodak, 2007).Advertising Looking for assessment on busines s economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the year 2000 during the companies’ financial peak point, public investors were encouraged to buy stocks in the company since the prices were at their highest with a promise of further appreciation in their value in the subsequent year. However the executive in the company knew of the looming loss that was to be experienced in the near future and instead of advising the public, they were in a hurry to sell out all of their stocks (Hodak, 2007). To the demise of the investors, the stocks plummeted causing a great loss across the board of approximately $102. Later in the subsequent years, Enron was forced to sell out its assets since it had incurred a large financial loss. The sale was to be done since the company had to liquidate its assets and raise funds to aid in settling the creditors and investors who had not anticipated the collapse. However, Enron reopened again u nder a new name Enron Creditors Corporation after settling with most of its creditors except Citigroup (Hodak, 2007). Impact on stakeholders Enron Company was composed of share holders that included both the private and corporate class. Since the company had a good reputation of its wealth and a large revenue base, the rate at which people invested was overwhelming. Reports by Chris Penttila, (2002), indicated that the Enron’s mission statement dictated the four key values that the company prided itself in. These key values were: excellence, communication, integrity and respect. The purpose of this was to instill in the public the confidence that everything that happened in the company was fair and open a notion that was welcomed by the managers working for the company. However, collapse of the company was partly allowed by the stakeholders since they were afraid of questioning the companies’ business activities and conflicts that they were always involved in. for exam ple many of the stakeholders knew of the financial conflict of interest that existed between Arthur Anderson, Vinson, Elkins and the Enron’s board of directors. The collapse of the company was met with a lot of negative reactions. The public was hit with a rude shock and immediately people stated pointing fingers to the systems that allowed the disaster to happen. According to (Bryce, 2002) the collapse affected all stakeholders from the big investors to the least employee in the company.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on How ethics may have played a role in Enrons way of doing business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some of the social impacts included loss of lively hoods by small employees who worked in the company to billions by the investors, deaths, life savings and even imprisonment. In a meeting with the Congress former Enron employees witnessed that they had not only lost their jobs but also thei r retirement savings. Moreover, the threat of loss of employment was not only felt by Enron employees but even those at Andersen’s U.S. operations (Dugan and Spurgeon, 2002; Bryan-Low, 2002) Loss of business by the partners and affiliates of the company was another major impact of the collapse. An example of this was Andersen which after indictment started to experience a mass exodus of its clients. This had a great effect on the revenue of the company and the public confidence. Andersen then went further to loose the favor on settlement with the judiciary a move that was seen as suicidal if adopted by the other states, since it might preempt them to revote the companies license. According to Wynn (2009), other trading partners that were affected by Enron’s losses were ING Barings, Deutsche bank, Duke Power and American power who also suffered immense losses. Other social impacts that were felt by the stakeholders involved deaths that were not anticipated for. Such an example is; Kenneth Lay who was an Enron’s CEO but died of heart attack in July 2006. The causes of the Enron’s CEO death were attributed to stress brought about by public unrest and legal pressures in the cases filled against him in the state (Palepu Healy, 2003). Outcome and Fairness of Punishment Following the collapse of Enron Company, the public did not seem contented by the outcome that affected their livelihoods directly. Therefore, some of the stakeholders sought to authorities that would attend to their grievances. Forums and meetings were held across the state by governors and other government officials to try to address the issue. Some of the grievances were resolved but some still remained for legal action (Wynn, 2009). The outcomes of the collapse ranged form imprisonment to even indictments, revoking of license and even settlement bans from the different states of operations For example Jeffery Skilling was imprisoned to serve a 24 year sentence in a low security prison in Minnesota. Another executive Andrew Fastow was also jailed to serve a six-year sentence in a federal prison in Louisiana due to corruption allegations in the company and also for giving the public conflicting information for purpose of personal gain.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Other auditing and legal consultants e.g. Arthur Anderson and Vinson Elkins also were indicted and underwent trial in Houston for their involvement in obstruction of justice by concealing information and giving of false information to the public. This in turn greatly affected their business since they had to lay off workers and could not regain their client confidence (DeFond, Raghunandan and Subramanyam, 2002). The justice state justice in Houston also went further to revoke their settlement right in the state. The public confidence in the market was also compromised since many investors started to question the integrity of other companies’ financial records. This weighed hard on the whole economy and also on other uninvolved companies. Losses; these were the most felt social effects after the collapse of the energy company in the late 2001. Big investors like the J.P. Morgan Chase and Citigroup experienced large loses on bad loans that had subsided with the company (Palepu Healy, 2003). These mutual friends were said to have lost a value of about $70 billion in market value. Formulation of policies; after the collapse of Enron Energy Company, the government revived a debate on company regulation after the discovery of the magnitude such a companies collapse can cause to the economy. The national stock exchange market became more watchful and strict introducing new policies to ensure the trade market remains safe for the public. The NASDAQ for instance introduced a regulation that for a company to trade in it the stock option plans must be endorsed by the stockholders. While on the NYSE, it is a must that most of all equity based compensation plans be endorsed by shareholders. They also dictated that in both the trading company must have independent directors (Palepu Healy, 2003). Ethics in the way Enron conducted business Enron was a large multimillion energy company that had its missions and visions set to become the biggest and the best energy co mpany in the United States. Due to their defined focus, they had decided to set their work values basing on the companies ethics book. These values were supposed to guide the people working in the company to ensure transparency and efficiency in achieving the company’s goals. These company values were respect, communication and excellence (Code of Ethics, 2000, 4). On the other hand, Enron’s ethics infrastructure consisted of four main pillars which included; a 65 pages long code of ethics booklet, a certificate of compliance to be signed by all employees, different channels for attaining answers to ethical questions, and finally a possible violations reporting system. Despite the high standards that had been set by the company, it was evident that the management was least concerned with fulfilling them while conducting business. They had no serious regard for the ethics. In 1999, the company’s code of ethics was suspended twice by the Enron’s Board of Di rectors to allow the formulation of two SPEs. These SPEs were to be controlled by Andrew Fastow, who was to benefit personally from the outcome (Goh and Ederington, 1993). To the companies’ board of directors, business had just become a point of making money despite the consequences that were to be faced. A good example is seen when two traders Lois Borget and Thom Mastroeni were allowed by the 1997 Enron’s CEO Kenneth Lay to conduct questionable oil trading operations in 1997 despite his knowledge of the illegalities and financial risks incident that were involved (Niskanen, 2005). The company through their management believed that doing business and channeling in money was the only thing that mattered the other considerations’ came after. Many businesses in the company therefore, were done through unscrupulous deals that were later covered by the business partners involved form the watchful eye of the public. example is when Andersen connived with the Enron en ergy company to inflate the figures of the company while Enron was a financially ailing entity (Niskanen, 2005). This was done to boost the public confidence and increase their investments in Enron. Another instance was when Andersen destroyed all the evidences of the financial transactions of the company when the company was under investigation. Enron being a large company had a lot of influence in its surrounding. Therefore it had no one to criticize the way Enron conducted their business. The company therefore decided to use its power and political influence to achieve its wealth and maintain its dominance. Professional ethics were not adhered to in this company and they did not govern any business that they conducted. An example is when the management knew of future losses in the company and barred the other small stakeholders to dispose off their stocks while they disposed theirs. This was done with a personal interest and it left the other stakeholders in loss when the company value plummeted (Hamburger and Brown, 2002) Conclusion The collapse of Enron can be attributed to the companies practice, poor management strategies and a favorable environment for corrupt employees. The companies’ business plans, executive management and untrustworthy partners are other causes that contributed to the collapse. The state justice however was fair in their punishment and took a good step to protect the public from such kind of companies. The stock market should also be keen despite the stringent laws put in place to ensure that in-genuine entities are kept on watch. References Bryce Robert. (2002). Pipe Dreams: Greed, Ego, and the Death of Enron,) Enron starts dumping PR firms, ODwyers PR Daily. DeFond, L., Subramanyam K.R., and Raghunandan K. (2002). Do non-audit service fees impair auditor independence?California. University of Southern California. Dugan, I.J., Spurgeon D. (2002). Partners in peril. The Wall Street Journal. Enron. (2000). Code of Ethics. Go h, J.C., Ederington L.H. (1993). Is a bond rating downgrade bad news, good news or no news for stockholders? Journal of Finance 48:2001-2009 Hamburger, T., Brown K. (2002). Andersen knew of Enron woes a year ago. The Wall Street Journal. Hodak Marc. (2007). The Enron Scandal, Organizational Behavior Research Center Papers (SSRN), June 4 Molly Ivins. (2001). Enron-gate: Where are the investigations of Bushs liaison with the bankrupt company? working for change, December 12, Niskanen, W. A. (2005). After Enron: Lessons for Public Policy. Lanham, MD: Rowman Littlefield Publishers. Palepu, K. G., Healy M. (2003). The Fall of Enron. Journal of Economic Perspectives. Wynn, G. (2009). Essentials of Corporate Responsibility. USA. University of Tampa.

Public Services Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Public Services Management - Essay Example Organisational culture shapes the different procedures within the organisation and serves to either obstruct effective goal attainment and problem-solving or facilitates achievement of objectives (Yilmaz and Ergun 2008). Differences in organisational culture in the public sector versus the private sector are substantial. The public sector is largely characterised by having bureaucratic management systems with a much higher emphasis on establishing control and compliance systems than building flexibility. In the private sector, there is much more emphasis on human relations and human resources, hence employees are engaged and consulted in much higher frequency than in public organisations. This essay describes the disparities between public sector culture and commercial businesses, with an emphasis on bureaucracy, internal talent collaboration, motivational strategy development, and the quality of leader/member exchanges. Research indicates that there are significant differences between private and public sector organisational cultures and, as a result, this disparity creates a variety of negative consequences related to contemporary public service management. Historically, the public sector in the United Kingdom has been dominated with bureaucratic management systems whereby decision-making is highly centralised and there is little to no consultation with employees in the process of solving organisational problems. However, in response to changing external conditions and new privatisation of public services, it was becoming recognised by public sector administrators that there was a need for decentralisation in order to build a more motivated, committed and collaborative team environment. Known as New Public Management, the goal was to improve managerial accountability, break down the hindrances of consensus management, and generally incorporate some of the more effective and foundational management ideologies used in

TAE40110 CERTificate IV in Training and Assesment Essay

TAE40110 CERTificate IV in Training and Assesment - Essay Example d – and place at the top of your portfolio CANDIDATE to complete this section Name: Slobodanka Vukcevic Address: Unit 218 /285-305 Centre rd Bentleigh Phone: Daytime: 0432541803 Evening:  Email address: sandramisticna@hotmail.com Company name:  Training date(s):  Training location:  Trainer name:  Assessment deadline:  Date submitted:  Candidate declaration—By signing below, I declare that: ? I have been advised of the assessment requirements, have been made aware of my rights and responsibilities as an assessment candidate, and choose to be assessed at this time ? this workplace project is my own and contains no material written by another person except where due reference is made. I am aware that a false declaration may lead to the withdrawal of a qualification or statement of attainment. Signed: ___Slobodanka Vukcevic_______________________________________ Date: 16 10 2011 ASSESSOR to complete this section Name of assessor:  Date portfolio received:  Date portfolio review completed:  Result summary (details over) First attempt (tick correct result): C  NYC  Second attempt (if needed): C  NYC  Assessment Results Candidate name: Slobodanka Vukcevic Assessor name:  1st SUBMISSION (if needed) 2nd SUBMISSION Result Result TAEASS301A Contribute to assessment  TAEASS401A Plan assessment activities and processes  TAEASS402A Assess competence  TAEASS403A Participate in assessment validation  Comments 1st submission . (if needed) 2nd submission  Assessor sign-off 1st submission Assessor Signature: Date: 14 10 11 2nd submission Assessor Signature: Date:  Feedback to candidate (assessors, tick appropriate box below)  This page copied and given to candidate as an assessment report.  A separate report was prepared and given to the candidate (attached)  Feedback was provided to the candidate in another form (explain): TAEASS301A Contribute to assessment 1. Clarify role and responsibilities in the assessment proce ss 2. Confirm organisational arrangements for evidence gathering 3. Collect evidence in accordance with assessment plan 4. Record and report findings. TAEASS401A Plan assessment activities and processes 1. Determine assessment approach 2. Prepare the assessment plan 3. Develop assessment instruments. TAEASS402A Assess competence 1. Prepare for assessment 2. Gather quality evidence 3. Support the candidate 4. Make the assessment decision 5. Record and report the assessment decision 6. Review the assessment process. TAEASS403A Participate in assessment validation 1. Prepare for validation 2. Contribute to validation process 3. Contribute to validation outcomes.  Introduction to the assessment tasks Overview The assessment tasks you are asked to complete are divided into three broad categories:  The tasks at a glance and competency gap Competency standards addressed Name and summary of task TAEASS-301A TAEASS-401A TAEASS-402A TAEASS-403B Assessment tasks Short answer questions ? ? ? ? Project 1: (formative

A Nutrition Health And Wellness Company Management Essay

A Nutrition Health And Wellness Company Management Essay Nestle is a nutrition, health and wellness company which was formed by the merger of Anglo-Swiss milk company and Farine Lactee Henri Nestle. Currently, this multinational Swiss company which operates in 86 countries with 443 factories globally has the largest revenue compared to other food companies. Nestle has approximately 8000 brands which consist of a widespread of products including coffee, confectionery items, instant noodles and many more. Sales at the end of 2011 were CHF 83642 million with a net profit of CHF 9804 million. Nestle has formed several joint ventures such as forming the Beverage Partners Worldwide  with  The Coca-Cola Company. Management structure Being a decentralized organization, Nestles operating decisions involving pricing, distribution, marketing, human resources and so on are made by local units. At the same time, Nestle is organised into seven worldwide strategic business units (SBU) which are responsible for high-level strategic decisions and business development. One SBU would focus on coffee and another on ice cream. These units focus in overall strategic development which includes acquisitions and market entry strategy. Nestle uses local managers in uniting worldwide operations, as well as managers who work overseas. Lastly, Nestle used management development programmes as a strategic tool to create one spirit among managers. The Research and Development comprises 18 groups which operate in 11 countries. Nestle spends approximately RM30 million annually on RD and has over 3000 employees involved in this function. Contents Planning Mission Nestle is a people-oriented system, which means that they believe in people rather than systems. Moving on, Nestle holds strong to the commitment of creating value for their shareholders. Nestle also strives to decentralize wherever possible to develop relevant products to meet specific needs of different cultures. Last but not least, the company is committed to continuous improvement rather than one off changes. SMART Goals and Objectives Nestles primary objectives are to be recognized as the world leader in nutrition, health and wellness, trusted by all its stakeholders and to be the reference for financial performance in its industry. To accelerate the achievements of these objectives, Nestle has provided a set of strategic priorities, which are to create shared value for both the shareholders and the society while being successful in the long term, implement the Nestle culture, values and principles in managing the company, and create sustainable plans that complies with the law. These goals are specifically stated, measurable in terms of the annual revenue compared with other companies, attainable as Nestle is to date still leading in the nutrition industry and relevant as there are over 283,000 employees worldwide operating Nestle Global. Lastly, the time-bound aspect only applies to objectives of various projects in Nestle such as The Nescafe Plan which aims to invest CHF 500 million in coffee projects by 2020. Action plans (strategies) Nestles strategy was to enter the market much earlier than competitors, and narrow down the initial market focus to a few strategic brands which consisted of basic food items like infant milk powder, noodles, etc. Such an approach concentrated its marketing resources and managerial efforts on a limited number of key niches. Thus a strong market position was built in each niche product. By doing so, Nestle conquered 85% of the market for instant coffee in Mexico, 66% of the market for powdered milk in the Philippines, and 70% for soups in Chile. The company then progressed to introducing mire upscale products into the market. The second strategy Nestle uses to penetrate emerging markets is through customization instead of globalization. Nestle owns as many as up 8500 brands, but only over 800 are made available in more than one country, which means Nestle ensures that only products with ingredients which suit the local conditions are made available to that particular country. Other than that, the growth of Nestle is also contributed by several strategic initiatives such as the creation of Nestle Health Science, formation of two major partnerships in China, investments in different country and acquisitions of other companies one of the most critical factors which led to the companys growth. S.W.O.T Analysis Strengths Nestle able to leverage strong brand name to generate sales, able to customize products to the local market conditions, has research and development capabilities. Weaknesses Nestle is introducing too many products too quickly may affect the brands value. Opportunities Nestle now focuses on developing economies worldwide. Threats Nestle had been allegedly charged of unethical business activities, such as indirectly supporting child trafficking. Organizing Nestle is a decentralized and aligned organisation which shows an organic design instead of mechanistic. As Nestle is a multinational company which operates in more than 80 countries and employs more than 328,000 employees, it is impossible for the Headquarters in Switzerland to keep track of all the departments performances across the globe. Thus explains why decentralised power has been brought down to lower level employees. This means that Nestle encourages lower-level managers to provide input or make decisions in the company. Nestles organization designs are flexible for employees as they are not subjected to a high number of rules as well as high direct supervision from the top management. Besides, time saving as decision making can be done quickly without seeking permission from the higher authorities. Other than that, highly adaptive to the competitive and unpredictable external environment. Nestles organizational structure is hierarchical, meaning there is a chain of command that extends from the upper management to the lower management and clarifies who reports to whom. Orders are given by the upper management to the lower while suggestions are given by the lower to the upper. This structure encourages employees to share new ideas. Formalization Jobs at Nestle are formalised as there are specific job descriptions, many organisational rules and defined work procedures. Nevertheless, Nestle constantly keep a pace with the changing external environment while adapting to the changes.Therefore the organisation is strict but not rigid. Functional Departmentalisation At Nestle, tasks are divided into separate jobs and then grouped under different departments. Each department is managed by a manager who specialises in that particular field. For example employees whose specialisation is in psychology or sociology would work in the human resources department with a HR manager in charged. Leading At Nestle, managers aim to be leaders who not only lead but inspires their employees to gear towards results which would in turn add value to the company. Thus, Nestle leaders are required to understand and practice the following concepts. First, each leader leads to win. A leader is expected to display exemplary leadership and achievements as well as innovation in thinking and be willing to take risks. Second, leaders must manage for results. They must be courageous in facing problems and give proactive cooperation to create synergies among employees and themselves. Third, a leader should help employees discover and use their talents. Lastly, leaders should continuously look for ways to satisfy customers and engage with external parties such as the stakeholders, community, authorities and so on. Besides that, Nestle motivates their employees by giving rewards and benefits. Those awards included Long-service Awards, Passion to Win awards and Nestle Idea Award. These awards are specialized to recognize employees. For example, rewards are awarded to employees who have been the company for more than 30 years, achieved targets or came up with relevant and innovative ideas. Nestles philosophy is to provide and maintain disciplined compensation programs which value long-term relationships with employees while recognizing individual performance. Nestle is also  committed to offering compensation packages, including base pay, short and long-term incentives and  benefits such as the Children Education Assistance Scheme. Communication is also important. Nestles management has worked honestly in dealing with people for  efficient communication. Transparency through sincere dialogue is the only basis for boosting continuous improvement in any aspects. Every employee has the right to converse with superiors or  colleagues. This motivates supervisors and employees to exchange opinions while influencing each other to complete a task. Furthermore, there will be no room for intolerance, harassment or discrimination of any kind  or lack of respect. This  principle has no exception and is to be applied at  all levels and under all circumstances in the company. Controlling Quality control One of the successes behind this company is the high quality sustained by the company over the years. Nestles product quality gives confidence to the customers and consumers in buying Nestle products and brands throughout the years. Nestle measures the performance and satisfaction by listening to customers feedbacks. When mistakes and shortcomings are analyzed, prompt action will be taken for correction and improvement. Besides, understanding customer needs and meeting the satisfaction of the customer leads to the high quality of the products. Adequate resources, equipments, procedures and systems are provided to sustain the high quality of the product. The company never compromises on food safety and always complies with all applicable regulatory requirements. Nestle strive for zero defect and no wastage when it comes to quality. They focus on zero defects while seeking opportunities for continuous improvement of quality standards delivered to the customers and consumers. Cost control Nestle sources their agricultural raw materials directly from farmers, thus reducing the cost of production. The raw materials that they obtain from the farmers are required to meet the quality and safety standard which has been set by Nestle. Nestle reduces the consumption of water by reusing the fresh water and treated water which is eco-friendly to the environment. This in turns reduces costs of the company. Workforce control Workplace is also crucial for the employee to perform their tasks at the optimum level. Nestle encourages their employees to further improve themselves in terms of professional skills and knowledge in all levels of organization through training provided by the company. It treats its labourers and employees with respect and dignity by providing reasonable yet competitive pays, bonuses, overtime pays and other benefits. Overtime is given until an extent where it is reasonable and complies with local laws and regulations. Key Success Factors of Nestle Quality Nestles success would not happen without excellent quality control of their products. For example, Nestle follows the specific steps of a milk collection system, which shows how dairy products are made and brought to the consumers table from the initial stages in the farm. Nestle also strives for zero error and continuously improve towards better quality to satisfy customers needs. Research and Development At Nestle, RD is a key competitive advantage which positioned Nestle as a world leader. In fact, Nestle has the largest  RD network than any food company in the world. Every year, Nestle invests about __% of their revenue in RD. At each stage of the product development process, Nestle further strengthens its  RD  capability through Innovation Partnerships to come up with more innovative ideas which can further improve the existing products. Innovation Nestle continuously tries to improve their existing products with more innovative ideas. For example, dry pet food (Purina Petcare) now comes with a side opening and a side-carrying handle to give more convenience to customers who are pet owners. Product Variation Nestle has more than 8000 brands which consists of various product categories such as dairy products, coffee, cereal, instant noodles and many more. This gives customers a wide range of choice to choose from thus attracting more customers. Packaging At Nestle, products and packed in a way to suit the needs of different people. For example, cereal like Coco Crunch is available in big boxes for families and smaller boxes for little children to bring to school. Nestle also uses their packaging to market their products and attract customers. For example, Milo packaging displays pictures of young athletes in order to give the youngsters the mindset that drinking Milo gives extraordinary energy and performance to them. Major Challenges Nestle May Face In The Future With the rise of sicknesses and diseases in this world, people are becoming more health conscious. Nestle, which claims to be a wellness and nutrition company must decide whether they want to take the risk by modifying products such as Maggi instant noodles by substituting MSG with organic ingredients. Secondly, Nestle will face the challenge of maintaining its position as the world leader in the food and nutrition industry. This is due to the possibility of incoming new competitors in the market. New companies which sell organic products at lower prices may be a great threat to Nestle. Besides that, as Nestle introduces more and more products, maintaining the quality of the production would be more difficult. Nestle would require better technology as well as employ more skillful and knowledgeable employees which could be a challenge as hiring good manpower requires money and time. Global warming and other environmental issues are worsening each year. Industries of any kind are expected to work towards green technology in order to sustain the environment. Currently, Nestle is slowly growing towards this aspect. However, in the future, Nestle needs to decide whether they want to invest even more in technology in this area.

Managerial Competency

‘‘Competency-based strategic management is a relatively new way of thinking about how organizations gain high performance for a significant period of time. Established as a theory in the early 1990s, competence-based strategic management theory explains how organizations can develop sustainable competitive advantage in a systematic and structural way. The theory of competence-based strategic management is an integrative strategy theory that incorporates economic, organizational and behavioural concerns in a framework that is dynamic, systemic, cognitive and holistic (Sanchez and Heene, 2004).This theory defines competence as: the ability to sustain the coordinated deployment of resources in ways that helps an organization achieve its goals. In the content we shall be describing the six managerial competencies, going into detail and also relating them to an individual’s personality. These managerial competencies are: communication, planning and administration, self- management, strategic action, global awareness and team work competency.All these managerial competencies are also an aspect of our daily lives, in discussion we will examine these competency’s strengths and weaknesses. No one individual can have all of them as their strength. In communication competency we will talk about the types of communications, how communication is used as a competency by managers and to an individual. Teamwork competency we will be discussing the effectiveness of a team-building strategy in a business as well include examples.In planning and administration competency we show how to plan and the benefits of having a good planning and administration structure or system. Self-management simply has the inclusion of good ethical behaviour. Global awareness in tells knowing the world, in knowing the world research must be done and having a diverse open mind about other people’s culture. In order to progress in life an individual should have strategie s in place showing him a clear direction to be taken, this is known as the strategic action competency.We stress the importance of strategic action in the context. Communication competency ‘‘The term communication competency refers to the effective transfer and exchange of information that leads to understanding between yourself and others(). Because managing involves getting work done through people, communication competency is essential to effective managerial performance. Humans use communication day-in and day-out in order to understand each other, through that understanding they are able to interact.People use different types of communication, verbal/spoken or visual (use of images), without communication there would be no way forward the world would be in a stand still. Just as in an enterprise, managers must communicate with the staff in order for them to perform a specific task. This competency is one of the authors best strength as socializing to him comes natur ally. The author cannot sing so talking(communication) is one of his talents which makes up for not being able to sing, when it comes to communication there is always room for improvement.To take it to the next step one should engage in group discussion more often and also try debate societies, because communication involves passing messages in the most effective way. Being around people and talking will cause improvement of one’s communication competency skill. Planning and Administration Competency People plan their daily lives in order to have a sustainable life that is organized, planning for tomorrow is like drafting a timetable of the things to do.Relating to students planning is important, it enable them to manage their time management improving their academic efficiency. When it comes to planning and administration competency the author has a weakness. Finding it hard to plan what is to come tomorrow. The lacking of this skill causes time mismanagement to the authorâ €™s life and creating room for disruptions. To be able to bring change to this weakness, drafting a day to day to-do list could make a big difference. An alternative would be to set a reminder that will alert one on what to do at a specific time.Teamwork Competency Accomplishing tasks through small groups of people who are collectively responsible and whose work is interdependent requires teamwork competency (Hellriegel Jackson, Slocum Amos Klopper, Louw Oosthuizen, 2007, Page 15). A united nation is a winning nation; teamwork is about working together to achieve a certain goal. Communities work together for example to fight the socio-economic problem which is crime, in turn making it a safer environment. In the same sense businesses work as a team to improve efficiency in the working environment.When it comes to designing a team, team-building strategies work best, as the strategy brings employees together creating a close relationship amongst them and making them work as a mor e united team. Relating teamwork competency to the author, a negative result will be the outcomes, as the author believes that working alone is more effective, but people have different opinions on the subject. Global Awareness Competency Carrying out an organization’s managerial work by drawing on the human, financial, information, and material resources from multiple countries.People watch the news to stay informed of what is happening around the world and in their communities. Researching what causes inflation is part of global awareness, when an individual decides they want to go work overseas they undergo global awareness. ‘‘Nevertheless, over the course of your career, you will probably work for an organization that has an international component. To be prepared for such opportunities, one should begin to develop your global awareness competency (Hellriegel Jackson et al page18)Self-management competency . ‘‘Self-management competency demonstrate s desired values and behaviours of the organization and high personal standards of ethics and integrity by being honest and treating others with respect. Influences others to model these behaviours(). Self management revolves around how a certain individual carries themselves in all aspects of their daily life. When one goes to church their behaviour is different than when they are at a night club, this forms part of self management when it comes to society behaviour.Same applies to students, when they at school self management is applied, as they separate between their school life and personal life. In life as a person one has different characters, categorized by good values and bad values. Self-management competency to the author is strength and also a weakness. On the strength point of view the author can separate right from wrong, with that in mind the author can make rational decisions. On the weakness the author finds it hard to express himself in an audience of many people. S trategic Action CompetencyIn life strategies are needed in order to make things easier, when an individual is about to make a decision or create a specific product they first strategise. Strategising includes brainstorming, planning, and implementation plan/action. Humans strategise their lives on a daily basis, whether going shopping, going to work or just planning to cook. Pupils strategise in terms of what academic results they want to achieve, putting strategic action competency will lead to their success. Strategies alone are not very much useful an action must be taken to fully utilise the strategy at hand

“Breathless” by Wilfred Noyce Florence Wong Essay

â€Å"Breathless†, which was written by Wilfred Noyce at 21,200 feet, describes the emotional struggles and physical challenges the speaker experienced and overcame while climbing a mountain. And through it, Wilfred Noyce illustrates the theme of man versus nature as well as the correct attitude in achieving goals by emphasising the ambivalence of the speaker toward finishing the climb. This is demonstrated through the poem’s tone, form and structure and the use of imagery respectively. To begin with, the tone throughout the poem is discouraged and almost desperate, yet conflicted with determination. In line 5-6, â€Å"Legs lift-why at all?† suggests that the speaker is feeling hopeless at that moment since he is having a hard time climbing up the mountain as described in line 1-2, â€Å"Heart aches, lungs pant†. However, in line 19-20, â€Å"don’t look up, till journey’s done† and in line 29-31 â€Å"Go on† and â€Å"don’t look up† indicate the strong determination in the speaker to finish his journey on the mountain. The speaker is commanding himself to carry on, even though he would love to take flat steps instead as showed in line 11-12, â€Å"a flat step is holiday†. The determination to â€Å"conquer† nature is expressed here. On top of that, the poet is trying to relate this to people’s daily lives: just like how the speaker struggled with finishing his climb, people experience hards hips and temptations throughout life, and it is perseverance and self-discipline that lead them to reaching their goals. Secondly, the structure and form of the poem portrayed the level of difficulty of the climb to the speaker. The outline of the poem is not regular or smooth, depicting the rugged and twisty road the speaker is climbing on, and furthermore all the different problems people face in their lives. There is also no stanza, which means the lines are all alined, without any gaps in between, just like the continuous climb the speaker is doing, and the unceasing challenges in people’s lives. Moreover, the lines are short, some chopped off in the middle (caesura), and the words are short with little syllables. This imitates the ragged breath,  steady, fast heartbeat and small footsteps of the speaker while climbing up the mountain, and also the intense atmosphere while doing it (since he is confronting with the edge every moment). And more importantly, it is written in such way so when readers read the poem out quickly, they will feel breathless as well, just like the speaker does in the poem. In addition, for most of the lines in the poem, the rhyme scheme of ABCB is adopted, like how line 2, â€Å"pant† rhymes with line 4, â€Å"scant†, but line 1 and line 2 don’t. This is to imitate the repeating process of the speaker putting his feet forward one by one, as well as his pounding heart and panting lungs. Besides, this poem is written in free verse, which means it does not have a fixed pattern of meter or rhyme. During the middle of the poem-â€Å"Grind breath/ once more then on; don’t look up till journey’s done†, it is where the ABCB rhyme scheme adopted so far breaks down. This indicates that the speaker is really breaking down at that point, losing hope, but also finding the flicker of determination (since he said â€Å"don’t look up till journey’s done†), contrastingly. The idea of free verse is to provide a sense of roughness of the climb and losing breath during the climb in the poem. Finally, a circular structure is used in this poem as well. â€Å"Heart aches, lungs pant/ dry air/ sorry,scant.† appeared at the beginning of the poem, and so in the end of it. This is to emphasise the physical pain the speaker is going through climbing the mountain, also the greatness of the mountain, since it is able to â€Å"oppress† the speaker. In overall, the structure and form of the poem helped intensify the feeling of exhausted and despair, and mostly, breathless, showing how weak and vulnerable human being is to nature. In the meantime, this parallels to the fact that the journeys that people choose to embark on is often hard and full of challenges. Thirdly, the imagery created by Wilfred Noyce in the poem, again, pictures how challenging the speaker’s climb is. The senses auditory, taste and smell do not apply since the speaker is climbing a mountain. The imagery of a long, difficult and vague journey ahead is depicted by the things the speaker sees: â€Å"loose drift, heavy fall†, â€Å"the journey ahead† and â€Å"glasses dim†. The imagery of close to falling/fainting is created by what the speaker feels: heart aching, lungs panting, dry air, prodding the snow, grinding breath, hand wrenching, limb faltering, a slack throat and heart  beating. Then, the imagery of depression and wanting to give up is created by harsh, dynamic or monosyllabic words like â€Å"grind†, â€Å"wrench†. It also creates the sound effectApart from that, the speaker describes the feelings of his different body parts separately, one by one, as if they were separate, or falling apart. These imagery emphasise how desperate the speaker is while climbing the mountain, the same thing a lot of people feel while confronting challenges in their lives. In conclusion, Wilfred Noyce wrote this poem to contrast the greatness of the nature and the weakness of human, as well as how people should be persistent and persevering when facing depressing challenges in life. He conveyed his message by using mainly the tone, form and structure and use of imagery in the poem. Ultimately this is all intended to create the effect of breathlessness to the reader, and it is very effective.

Mcdonald s As A Global Food Empire - 931 Words

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Often, McDonald’s employees view the job as a stopgap arrangement until they can find a higher paying job. Due to this largely rampant non-committal approach of the more educated staff members, there is a low retention rate and retraining staff on a constant basis is expensive and appropriate long term staff members can be difficult to acquire (Harris, 2009). According to the Path-Goal Theory, tasks such as those undertaken by McDonald’s employees which are repetitive, undemanding, routine and mechanical, tend to bread unsatisfied group members whoShow MoreRelatedMcdonalds Arch Deluxe1551 Words   |  7 PagesMcDonald†™s has been in the hamburger business since the 1950’s and grown into a world-wide fast-food giant known for â€Å"Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value†. As the McDonald’s empire grew so did their menu, it adapted to the tastes of their customers. In 1996 McDonald’s launched the Arch Deluxe; their answer to what adults want to eat. 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